<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en-US">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
    <title>Go语言变量 | anyang的博客</title>
    <meta name="description" content="千里之行,始于足下">
    <meta name="generator" content="VuePress 1.3.1">
    <link rel="icon" href="/img/favicon.ico">
  <script charset="utf-8" src="/js/main.js"></script>
  <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.slim.min.js"></script>
  <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/fancybox/3.5.2/jquery.fancybox.min.js"></script>
  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/fancybox/3.5.2/jquery.fancybox.min.css">
  <meta name="keywords" content="福小林,奔奔,ourLang,CentOS,JAVA,vue组件,lsdCloud">
  <script async="async" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-146891701-1"></script>
  <script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
      function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
      gtag('js', new Date());
    
      gtag('config', 'UA-146891701-1');</script>
  <script>var _hmt = _hmt || [];
      (function() {
        var hm = document.createElement("script");
        hm.src = "https://hm.baidu.com/hm.js?56eae8eec590ccaef1d5ff99d766f315";
        var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; 
        s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s);
      })();</script>
    
    <link rel="preload" href="/assets/css/0.styles.9fff9873.css" as="style"><link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/app.1bc80adb.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/2.7c0608ab.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/67.9b8f9716.js" as="script"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/10.81caa2ab.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/100.05bb269d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/101.3e18b4d6.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/102.c7d7ed9c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/103.4c771ce7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/104.a2acd367.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/105.63399350.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/106.8a4744cc.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/107.7739d796.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/108.8008ae33.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/109.01c63898.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/11.7b837560.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/110.ad01aca9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/111.3d74db70.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/112.67f55c34.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/113.016cd3c0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/114.860e4b2b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/115.b2f26258.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/116.8bea67b4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/117.20682843.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/118.86a22e16.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/119.ad518bea.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/12.8fd78714.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/120.f97dd86f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/121.c5601b4a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/122.2889645a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/13.ebf26820.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/14.b92dca09.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/15.b3dcef45.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/16.50378990.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/17.056bba2b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/18.9047bb38.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/19.ab53b0fe.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/20.fe0b8af0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/21.20a702f3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/22.0ee08d29.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/23.02039a9a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/24.363d3d74.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/25.dd6b101e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/26.20493714.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/27.708723e5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/28.4561834a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/29.15cfcf5f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/3.8d39d40c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/30.04ab69de.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/31.b11c4302.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/32.81ae74ee.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/33.ddf09cc0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/34.bc3549f7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/35.4a0e0ebd.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/36.961a1c50.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/37.d8658de5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/38.f76063aa.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/39.73edd08f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/4.916af9bf.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/40.72314bff.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/41.c5eb1147.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/42.07aeafbb.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/43.c4a652ba.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/44.91fbe22b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/45.6eecf0c4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/46.81b7f108.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/47.b4468ab3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/48.df205f23.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/49.7df59fa3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/5.4fcd540a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/50.0dc2fc5b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/51.1ffabe54.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/52.2269d284.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/53.81b23843.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/54.b3249def.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/55.50dcf2af.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/56.c399c272.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/57.024f1dbb.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/58.680c6cf4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/59.2291e9d7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/6.7610d1d4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/60.e59a26c1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/61.ff5c64e4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/62.7d97062c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/63.6456dc7e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/64.0b055680.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/65.9f25601c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/66.cd973084.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/68.d6c1869a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/69.0a3688dd.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/7.9ebbd956.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/70.22f48891.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/71.9eb4fda9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/72.ca4fa80c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/73.17d1ab37.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/74.139691db.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/75.08d0560f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/76.61078c10.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/77.4482adcc.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/78.166f2c37.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/79.2c7d6b79.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/8.6f8916c2.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/80.80445c3f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/81.14e3bae8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/82.7dac687f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/83.1dd2e78e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/84.23b759de.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/85.7574f69f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/86.102dac61.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/87.8f5d639e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/88.e564cbbe.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/89.cd66eb78.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/9.baa162db.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/90.685c6878.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/91.b8d1b7ea.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/92.1faa374d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/93.cf5ff33c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/94.8a02aefb.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/95.1b379a5b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/96.9fd67185.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/97.c5a6a5a1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/98.9a231411.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/99.5b344cab.js">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/0.styles.9fff9873.css">
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="app" data-server-rendered="true"><div class="theme-container"><header class="navbar"><div class="sidebar-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="icon"><path fill="currentColor" d="M436 124H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12V80c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v32c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12zm0 160H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-32c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v32c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12zm0 160H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-32c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v32c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12z"></path></svg></div> <a href="/" class="home-link router-link-active"><!----> <span class="site-name">anyang的博客</span></a> <div class="links"><div class="search-box"><input aria-label="Search" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" value=""> <!----></div> <nav class="nav-links can-hide"><div class="nav-item"><a href="/" class="nav-link">
  主页
</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/study-guide/introduction.html" class="nav-link">
  学习指南
</a></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="技术分类" class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">技术分类</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/java/introduction.html" class="nav-link">
  Java
</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/go/introduction.html" class="nav-link">
  Go
</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/sql/introduction.html" class="nav-link">
  SQL
</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/fhir/introduction.html" class="nav-link">
  FHIR
</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/blog/introduction.html" class="nav-link">
  个人博客
</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/tool/developmentBox.html" class="nav-link">
  开发百宝箱
</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/project/introduction.html" class="nav-link">
  项目分享
</a></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="了解更多" class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">了解更多</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="http://wpa.qq.com/msgrd?v=3&amp;uin=1300378587&amp;site=qq&amp;menu=yes" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="nav-link external">
  其他合作
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="http://www.lsdcloud.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="nav-link external">
  友情网站
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="https://github.com/ourlang" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="nav-link external">
  Github
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="https://gitee.com/anlexanyang" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="nav-link external">
  码云
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37493556" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="nav-link external">
  CSDN
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/linkExchanges/introduction.html" class="nav-link">
  友情链接
</a></div> <!----></nav></div></header> <div class="sidebar-mask"></div> <aside class="sidebar"><nav class="nav-links"><div class="nav-item"><a href="/" class="nav-link">
  主页
</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/study-guide/introduction.html" class="nav-link">
  学习指南
</a></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="技术分类" class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">技术分类</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/java/introduction.html" class="nav-link">
  Java
</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/go/introduction.html" class="nav-link">
  Go
</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/sql/introduction.html" class="nav-link">
  SQL
</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/fhir/introduction.html" class="nav-link">
  FHIR
</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/blog/introduction.html" class="nav-link">
  个人博客
</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/tool/developmentBox.html" class="nav-link">
  开发百宝箱
</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/project/introduction.html" class="nav-link">
  项目分享
</a></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="了解更多" class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">了解更多</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="http://wpa.qq.com/msgrd?v=3&amp;uin=1300378587&amp;site=qq&amp;menu=yes" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="nav-link external">
  其他合作
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="http://www.lsdcloud.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="nav-link external">
  友情网站
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="https://github.com/ourlang" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="nav-link external">
  Github
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="https://gitee.com/anlexanyang" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="nav-link external">
  码云
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37493556" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="nav-link external">
  CSDN
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/linkExchanges/introduction.html" class="nav-link">
  友情链接
</a></div> <!----></nav>  <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><a href="/go/introduction.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言</a></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>Go教程</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/go/learn-go/10 从零搭建Go语言开发环境.html" class="sidebar-link">从零搭建Go语言开发环境</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/11 第一个Go程序.html" class="sidebar-link">第一个Go程序Hello World</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/12 Go 语言数据类型.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言数据类型</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/13 Go语言变量.html" class="active sidebar-link">Go语言变量</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/go/learn-go/13 Go语言变量.html#_1-标识符与关键字" class="sidebar-link">1 标识符与关键字</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/go/learn-go/13 Go语言变量.html#_2-变量的来历" class="sidebar-link">2 变量的来历</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/go/learn-go/13 Go语言变量.html#_3-变量类型" class="sidebar-link">3 变量类型</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/go/learn-go/13 Go语言变量.html#_4-变量声明" class="sidebar-link">4 变量声明</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/go/learn-go/13 Go语言变量.html#_5-变量的初始化" class="sidebar-link">5 变量的初始化</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/go/learn-go/13 Go语言变量.html#_6-短变量声明" class="sidebar-link">6 短变量声明</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/go/learn-go/13 Go语言变量.html#_7-匿名变量" class="sidebar-link">7 匿名变量</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/14 Go语言常量.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言常量</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/15 Go 语言运算符.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言运算符</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/16 Go语言条件语句.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言条件语句</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/17 Go语言的循环语句.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言的循环语句</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/18 Go 语言数组.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言数组</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/19 Go语言切片.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言基础之切片</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/20 Go语言map.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言基础之map</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/21 Go语言指针.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言指针</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/22 Go语言函数.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言函数</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/23  fmt.Printf总结.html" class="sidebar-link">fmt.Printf总结</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/24 Go语言常用方法总结.html" class="sidebar-link">Go常用方法总结</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/25 Go语言结构体.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言结构体</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/26 Go语言方法.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言方法</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/27 Go语言接口.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言接口</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/28 Go语言并发编程.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言并发编程</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/29 Go语言文件操作.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言文件操作</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/30 Go语言单元测试.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言单元测试</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/31 Go语言之http.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言之http</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>Go Web框架</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>Go工具中间件</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul> </aside> <main class="page"> <div class="theme-default-content content__default"><h1 id="go语言变量"><a href="#go语言变量" class="header-anchor">#</a> Go语言变量</h1> <h2 id="_1-标识符与关键字"><a href="#_1-标识符与关键字" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1 标识符与关键字</h2> <h4 id="标识符"><a href="#标识符" class="header-anchor">#</a> 标识符</h4> <p>在编程语言中标识符就是程序员定义的具有特殊意义的词，比如变量名、常量名、函数名等等。 Go语言中标识符由字母数字和_(下划线）组成，并且只能以字母和_开头。 举几个例子：abc, _, _123, a123。</p> <h4 id="关键字"><a href="#关键字" class="header-anchor">#</a> 关键字</h4> <p>关键字是指编程语言中预先定义好的具有特殊含义的标识符。 关键字和保留字都不建议用作变量名。</p> <p>Go语言中有25个关键字：</p> <div class="language-go line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-go"><code><span class="token keyword">break</span>        <span class="token keyword">default</span>      <span class="token keyword">func</span>         <span class="token keyword">interface</span>    <span class="token keyword">select</span>
<span class="token keyword">case</span>         <span class="token keyword">defer</span>        <span class="token keyword">go</span>           <span class="token keyword">map</span>          <span class="token keyword">struct</span>
<span class="token keyword">chan</span>         <span class="token keyword">else</span>         <span class="token keyword">goto</span>         <span class="token keyword">package</span>      <span class="token keyword">switch</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span>        <span class="token keyword">fallthrough</span>  <span class="token keyword">if</span>           <span class="token keyword">range</span>        <span class="token keyword">type</span>
<span class="token keyword">continue</span>     <span class="token keyword">for</span>          <span class="token keyword">import</span>       <span class="token keyword">return</span>       <span class="token keyword">var</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><h4 id="此外，go语言中还有37个保留字。"><a href="#此外，go语言中还有37个保留字。" class="header-anchor">#</a> 此外，Go语言中还有37个保留字。</h4> <div class="language-go line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-go"><code>Constants<span class="token punctuation">:</span>    <span class="token boolean">true</span>  <span class="token boolean">false</span>  <span class="token boolean">iota</span>  <span class="token boolean">nil</span>

Types<span class="token punctuation">:</span>    <span class="token builtin">int</span>  <span class="token builtin">int8</span>  <span class="token builtin">int16</span>  <span class="token builtin">int32</span>  <span class="token builtin">int64</span>  
          <span class="token builtin">uint</span>  <span class="token builtin">uint8</span>  <span class="token builtin">uint16</span>  <span class="token builtin">uint32</span>  <span class="token builtin">uint64</span>  <span class="token builtin">uintptr</span>
          <span class="token builtin">float32</span>  <span class="token builtin">float64</span>  <span class="token builtin">complex128</span>  <span class="token builtin">complex64</span>
          <span class="token builtin">bool</span>  <span class="token builtin">byte</span>  <span class="token builtin">rune</span>  <span class="token builtin">string</span>  <span class="token builtin">error</span>

Functions<span class="token punctuation">:</span>   <span class="token builtin">make</span>  <span class="token builtin">len</span>  <span class="token builtin">cap</span>  <span class="token builtin">new</span>  <span class="token builtin">append</span>  <span class="token builtin">copy</span>  <span class="token builtin">close</span>  <span class="token builtin">delete</span>
             <span class="token builtin">complex</span>  <span class="token builtin">real</span>  <span class="token builtin">imag</span>
             <span class="token builtin">panic</span>  <span class="token builtin">recover</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_2-变量的来历"><a href="#_2-变量的来历" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2 变量的来历</h2> <p>程序运行过程中的数据都是保存在内存中，我们想要在代码中操作某个数据时就需要去内存上找到这个变量，但是如果我们直接在代码中通过内存地址去操作变量的话，代码的可读性会非常差而且还容易出错，所以我们就利用变量将这个数据的内存地址保存起来，以后直接通过这个变量就能找到内存上对应的数据了。</p> <h2 id="_3-变量类型"><a href="#_3-变量类型" class="header-anchor">#</a> 3 变量类型</h2> <p>变量（Variable）的功能是存储数据。不同的变量保存的数据类型可能会不一样。经过半个多世纪的发展，编程语言已经基本形成了一套固定的类型，常见变量的数据类型有：整型、浮点型、布尔型等。</p> <p>Go语言中的每一个变量都有自己的类型，并且变量必须经过声明才能开始使用。</p> <h2 id="_4-变量声明"><a href="#_4-变量声明" class="header-anchor">#</a> 4 变量声明</h2> <p>Go语言中的变量需要声明后才能使用，同一作用域内不支持重复声明。 并且Go语言的变量声明后必须使用。</p> <h4 id="_4-1-标准声明"><a href="#_4-1-标准声明" class="header-anchor">#</a> 4.1 标准声明</h4> <h5 id="go语言的变量声明格式为："><a href="#go语言的变量声明格式为：" class="header-anchor">#</a> Go语言的变量声明格式为：</h5> <p>变量声明以关键字var开头，变量类型放在变量的后面，行尾无需分号。</p> <div class="language-go line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-go"><code><span class="token keyword">var</span> 变量名 变量类型
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h5 id="举例如下"><a href="#举例如下" class="header-anchor">#</a> 举例如下</h5> <div class="language-go line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-go"><code><span class="token keyword">var</span> name <span class="token builtin">string</span>
<span class="token keyword">var</span> age <span class="token builtin">int</span>
<span class="token keyword">var</span> isOk <span class="token builtin">bool</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><h4 id="_4-2-批量声明"><a href="#_4-2-批量声明" class="header-anchor">#</a> 4.2 批量声明</h4> <div class="language-go line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-go"><code><span class="token keyword">var</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
    a <span class="token builtin">string</span>
    b <span class="token builtin">int</span>
    c <span class="token builtin">bool</span>
    d <span class="token builtin">float32</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_5-变量的初始化"><a href="#_5-变量的初始化" class="header-anchor">#</a> 5 变量的初始化</h2> <p>Go语言在声明变量的时候，会自动对变量对应的内存区域进行初始化操作。每个变量会被初始化成其类型的默认值，例如： 整型和浮点型变量的默认值为0。 字符串变量的默认值为空字符串。 布尔型变量默认为false。 切片、函数、指针变量的默认为nil。</p> <h5 id="当然我们也可在声明变量的时候为其指定初始值。变量初始化的标准格式如下："><a href="#当然我们也可在声明变量的时候为其指定初始值。变量初始化的标准格式如下：" class="header-anchor">#</a> 当然我们也可在声明变量的时候为其指定初始值。变量初始化的标准格式如下：</h5> <div class="language-go line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-go"><code><span class="token keyword">var</span> 变量名 类型 <span class="token operator">=</span> 表达式
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h5 id="举例如下-2"><a href="#举例如下-2" class="header-anchor">#</a> 举例如下</h5> <div class="language-go line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-go"><code># 单个变量初始化
<span class="token keyword">var</span> name <span class="token builtin">string</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;Q1mi&quot;</span>
<span class="token keyword">var</span> age <span class="token builtin">int</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">18</span>

#一次初始化多个变量
<span class="token keyword">var</span> name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> age <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;Q1mi&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">20</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_6-短变量声明"><a href="#_6-短变量声明" class="header-anchor">#</a> 6 短变量声明</h2> <p>在函数内部，可以使用更简略的 := 方式声明并初始化变量。</p> <div class="language-go line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-go"><code><span class="token keyword">package</span> main

<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
	<span class="token string">&quot;fmt&quot;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// 全局变量m</span>
<span class="token keyword">var</span> m <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">100</span>

<span class="token keyword">func</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
	n <span class="token operator">:=</span> <span class="token number">10</span>
	m <span class="token operator">:=</span> <span class="token number">200</span> <span class="token comment">// 此处声明局部变量m</span>
	str<span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token string">&quot;what&quot;</span>
    fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>str<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
	
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_7-匿名变量"><a href="#_7-匿名变量" class="header-anchor">#</a> 7 匿名变量</h2> <h5 id="在编码过程中，可能会遇到没有名称的变量、类型或方法。虽然这不是必须的，但有时候这样做可以极大地增强代码的灵活性，这些变量被统称为匿名变量。"><a href="#在编码过程中，可能会遇到没有名称的变量、类型或方法。虽然这不是必须的，但有时候这样做可以极大地增强代码的灵活性，这些变量被统称为匿名变量。" class="header-anchor">#</a> 在编码过程中，可能会遇到没有名称的变量、类型或方法。虽然这不是必须的，但有时候这样做可以极大地增强代码的灵活性，这些变量被统称为匿名变量。</h5> <h5 id="匿名变量的特点是一个下画线-，-本身就是一个特殊的标识符，被称为空白标识符。它可以像其他标识符那样用于变量的声明或赋值（任何类型都可以赋值给它），但任何赋给这个标识符的值都将被抛弃，因此这些值不能在后续的代码中使用，也不可以使用这个标识符作为变量对其它变量进行赋值或运算。使用匿名变量时，只需要在变量声明的地方使用下画线替换即可。"><a href="#匿名变量的特点是一个下画线-，-本身就是一个特殊的标识符，被称为空白标识符。它可以像其他标识符那样用于变量的声明或赋值（任何类型都可以赋值给它），但任何赋给这个标识符的值都将被抛弃，因此这些值不能在后续的代码中使用，也不可以使用这个标识符作为变量对其它变量进行赋值或运算。使用匿名变量时，只需要在变量声明的地方使用下画线替换即可。" class="header-anchor">#</a> 匿名变量的特点是一个下画线“<em>”，“</em>”本身就是一个特殊的标识符，被称为空白标识符。它可以像其他标识符那样用于变量的声明或赋值（任何类型都可以赋值给它），但任何赋给这个标识符的值都将被抛弃，因此这些值不能在后续的代码中使用，也不可以使用这个标识符作为变量对其它变量进行赋值或运算。使用匿名变量时，只需要在变量声明的地方使用下画线替换即可。</h5> <h5 id="匿名变量不占用内存空间，不会分配内存。匿名变量与匿名变量之间也不会因为多次声明而无法使用。"><a href="#匿名变量不占用内存空间，不会分配内存。匿名变量与匿名变量之间也不会因为多次声明而无法使用。" class="header-anchor">#</a> 匿名变量不占用内存空间，不会分配内存。匿名变量与匿名变量之间也不会因为多次声明而无法使用。</h5> <p>举例如下：</p> <div class="language-go line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-go"><code><span class="token keyword">func</span> <span class="token function">GetData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token builtin">int</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token builtin">int</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">200</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">func</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    a<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">_</span> <span class="token operator">:=</span> <span class="token function">GetData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token boolean">_</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> b <span class="token operator">:=</span> <span class="token function">GetData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">,</span> b<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

#  代码运行结果： <span class="token number">100</span> <span class="token number">200</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><div class="language-SH line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-sh"><code>注意事项：

- 函数外的每个语句都必须以关键字开始（var、const、func等）
- :<span class="token operator">=</span>不能使用在函数外。
- _多用于占位，表示忽略值
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div></div> <footer class="page-edit"><!----> <!----></footer> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev">
      ←
      <a href="/go/learn-go/12 Go 语言数据类型.html" class="prev">
        Go语言数据类型
      </a></span> <span class="next"><a href="/go/learn-go/14 Go语言常量.html">
        Go语言常量
      </a>
      →
    </span></p></div> </main></div><div class="global-ui"><!----></div></div>
    <script src="/assets/js/app.1bc80adb.js" defer></script><script src="/assets/js/2.7c0608ab.js" defer></script><script src="/assets/js/67.9b8f9716.js" defer></script>
  </body>
</html>
